Competency-Based Education (CBE) is revolutionizing the way learners approach education and skills development, particularly in higher education. This educational model shifts the focus from the traditional time-based learning methods to a more flexible, student-centered approach, where mastery of specific skills and competencies is the key measure of success. For adult learners, especially those balancing work, family, and education, CBE offers a pathway to achieve their academic and career goals at their own pace. This article provides a comprehensive guide to understanding CBE, its benefits, challenges, and how it compares to traditional education models.
Colleges Offering Competency-Based Education and Training
Here’s a list of colleges and programs that offer competency-based education (CBE) and training:
1. Western Governors University (WGU)
- Programs Offered:
- Business Management (B.S. and M.S.)
- Nursing (B.S.N. and M.S.N.)
- Information Technology (B.S. and M.S.)
- Education (B.A. and M.A.)
WGU is one of the pioneers in competency-based education, offering a wide range of online programs. WGU’s model allows students to progress through their degrees as they demonstrate mastery of competencies, making it an ideal choice for working adults and non-traditional students.
URL: https://www.wgu.edu/about/story/cbe.html
2. Southern New Hampshire University (SNHU)
- Programs Offered:
- Business Administration (B.S.)
- Healthcare Management (B.S.)
- Nursing (M.S.N.)
- General Studies (A.A. and B.A.)
SNHU offers both traditional and competency-based programs. Their “College for America” initiative focuses on competency-based degrees, where students work on real-world projects to demonstrate their skills.
URL: https://www.snhu.edu/about-us/leadership-and-history/history/college-for-america
3. Capella University
- Programs Offered:
- Business Administration (B.S. and M.B.A.)
- Psychology (B.S.)
- Nursing (B.S.N. and D.N.P.)
- Information Technology (B.S. and M.S.)
Capella University offers a unique “FlexPath” program, which allows students to complete courses at their own pace by demonstrating competencies. This self-paced format is ideal for students who are self-motivated and want to move quickly through their degree programs.
URL: https://www.capella.edu/capella-experience/flexpath/
4. Purdue University Global
- Programs Offered:
- Business Administration (B.S.)
- IT Management (B.S.)
- Health Sciences (B.S.)
- Criminal Justice (B.S.)
Purdue Global offers competency-based programs through its “ExcelTrack” programs. These programs allow students to accelerate their learning by leveraging prior knowledge and experience to complete courses faster.
URL: https://www.purdueglobal.edu/student-experience/personalized-learning/
5. Northern Arizona University (NAU)
- Programs Offered:
- Computer Information Technology (B.A.S.)
- Small Business Administration (B.A.S.)
- Emergency Management (B.A.S.)
NAU offers competency-based degrees through its “Personalized Learning” program. These programs are designed to allow students to learn at their own pace, making them ideal for adult learners with work and family responsibilities.
6. University of Wisconsin System (UW Flexible Option)
- Programs Offered:
- Business Administration (B.S.)
- Nursing (R.N. to B.S.N.)
- Information Science and Technology (B.S.)
- Healthcare Administration (B.S.)
The UW Flexible Option offers a range of competency-based degrees that are entirely online. These programs are designed for busy adults who need a flexible and affordable way to complete their degree.
URL: https://flex.wisconsin.edu/
7. University of Maryland Global Campus (UMGC)
- Programs Offered:
- Cybersecurity (B.S.)
- Data Science (M.S.)
- Business Administration (B.S. and M.B.A.)
- Healthcare Management (B.S.)
UMGC offers competency-based education in several of its degree programs, focusing on real-world skills and knowledge that can be directly applied in the workplace. The programs are designed for working professionals who need flexibility in their education.
URL: https://www.umgc.edu
8. Texas A&M University-Commerce
- Programs Offered:
- Organizational Leadership (B.A.A.S.)
- Criminal Justice (B.A.A.S.)
Texas A&M University-Commerce offers competency-based degrees that are designed for adult learners and working professionals. The programs emphasize leadership and real-world applications, allowing students to progress as they demonstrate mastery.
URL: https://www.tamuc.edu/competency-based-education/
9. University of Massachusetts – Global Campus
- Programs Offered:
- Business Administration (B.B.A.)
- Information Technology (B.S.)
- Early Childhood Education (B.A.)
- Supply Chain Systems (B.A.)
UMass Global’s program offers competency-based degrees that allow students to learn at their own pace. The programs are designed for adult learners who want to advance their careers while managing other responsibilities.
URL: https://services.umassglobal.edu/cbe/
10. Walden University
- Programs Offered:
- Nursing (M.S.N. and D.N.P.)
- Public Health (M.P.H.)
- Business Administration (M.B.A.)
Walden University offers competency-based education through its Tempo Learning® programs. These programs are designed for students who want to learn independently and apply their knowledge directly to their professional goals.
URL: https://www.waldenu.edu/why-walden/flexibility
What is Competency-Based Education?
Competency-Based Education is built on the principle that education should be measured by the acquisition and demonstration of specific competencies, rather than the time spent in a classroom. Competency-based programs are designed to ensure that students develop the skills and knowledge needed to succeed in their chosen field.
How CBE Differs from Traditional Education
Unlike traditional education, where students progress through courses based on a fixed academic schedule, competency-based learning allows students to move at their own pace. This means that if a student masters a topic quickly, they can move on to the next without waiting for the rest of the class. Conversely, if a student needs more time to master a subject, they can take the time they need without feeling rushed. This flexibility makes CBE particularly appealing to adult learners and working professionals.
Types of Competencies in CBE
Competencies in CBE programs are often divided into two categories: core competencies and field-specific competencies. Core competencies include skills such as critical thinking, communication, and problem-solving, which are applicable across various fields. Field-specific competencies, on the other hand, are tailored to the demands of a particular profession or industry, such as technical skills or industry standards.
How Competency-Based Education Works
Structure of Competency-Based Education Programs
CBE programs are typically structured around modular courses that focus on specific competencies. Each module is designed to teach and assess a particular set of skills or knowledge areas. Students progress through these modules by completing assessments that demonstrate their mastery of the competencies. This modular approach allows for greater flexibility and personalization in the learning experience.
Role of Assessments in CBE
Assessments are a critical component of competency-based education. In a CBE program, assessments are designed to measure the student’s ability to apply their knowledge and skills in real-world situations. These assessments can take various forms, including project-based, performance-based, or even practical applications. Continuous assessment and feedback loops ensure that students are consistently working towards mastery of the competencies.
Use of Technology in CBE
Technology plays a crucial role in delivering competency-based education. Online platforms and digital resources enable students to access learning materials, complete assessments, and receive feedback at their convenience. Additionally, adaptive learning technologies can tailor the learning experience to each student’s needs, providing additional support or challenges as required.
Benefits of Competency-Based Education
Flexibility for Students
One of the most significant benefits of CBE is the flexibility it offers. Students can learn at their own pace, allowing them to balance their education with work, family, and other commitments. This is particularly beneficial for adult learners who may need to complete their education more quickly or fit it into a busy schedule.
Focus on Mastery and Skill Development
CBE’s emphasis on mastery ensures that students are truly prepared for their careers. Instead of simply passing a course based on time spent in the classroom, students must demonstrate their ability to apply what they’ve learned. This focus on skill development makes CBE graduates more attractive to employers, who value candidates with proven competencies.
Accessibility and Inclusivity
Competency-based education is also more accessible to non-traditional students, including working adults, military personnel, and others who may not fit the mold of a traditional college student. The cost-effectiveness of CBE programs, often allowing students to pay for only the modules they need, can make higher education more affordable.
Challenges and Criticisms of Competency-Based Education
While CBE offers many benefits, it also comes with challenges. Students must be self-disciplined and motivated to succeed in a competency-based program. The self-paced nature of CBE can lead to feelings of isolation, as students may not have the same level of interaction with peers and instructors as they would in a traditional program.
Institutional Challenges
For institutions, developing and implementing CBE programs can be costly and time-consuming. Schools must invest in faculty training, curriculum development, and technology to support competency-based learning. Additionally, institutions must ensure that their CBE programs meet accreditation standards and are recognized by employers and other educational institutions.
Criticisms of CBE
Critics of competency-based education argue that the model may sacrifice depth of learning for the sake of efficiency. Some worry that CBE programs may not provide the same level of academic rigor as traditional programs, leading to questions about the value of a CBE degree. There is also ongoing debate over the recognition and acceptance of CBE degrees by employers and other institutions.
Who is Competency-Based Education Best Suited For?
Non-Traditional Student
CBE is particularly well-suited for non-traditional students, such as working professionals, military veterans, and adult learners. These individuals often have prior learning and experience that can be recognized and built upon in a competency-based program.
Students with Prior Learning and Experience
Competency-based education is ideal for students who have acquired skills through non-formal education, such as on-the-job training or military service. CBE programs allow these students to demonstrate their competencies and earn credit for what they already know, potentially reducing the time and cost required to complete a degree.
Additional Reading: Guide to Prior Learning Assessments
Self-Motivated and Independent Learners
Students who thrive in a self-directed learning environment are also well-suited for competency-based education. CBE programs require a high level of self-discipline and motivation, as students are responsible for managing their own learning and progress.
Examples of Competency-Based Education Programs
Well-Known CBE Institutions
Several institutions have established themselves as leaders in competency-based education. Western Governors University (WGU), Southern New Hampshire University (SNHU), and Capella University are among the most prominent. These institutions offer a wide range of CBE programs in fields such as healthcare, business, IT, and education.
Online Competency-Based Programs
Many online learning platforms also offer competency-based programs. Coursera, edX, and Udacity provide courses and certificates that follow a competency-based model. These platforms often partner with universities and employers to deliver programs that are directly aligned with industry needs.
Success Stories and Case Studies
Numerous students have found success through competency-based education. For example, military veterans transitioning to civilian careers have used CBE programs to gain the credentials needed for new opportunities. Similarly, working professionals have leveraged CBE to advance in their careers without interrupting their work schedules.
How to Choose a Competency-Based Education Program
When selecting a competency-based program, it’s essential to consider factors such as accreditation, support services, and program flexibility. Accreditation ensures that the program meets certain standards and is recognized by employers and other institutions. Support services, such as academic advising and tutoring, can help students succeed in a self-paced environment.
Questions to Ask When Researching CBE Programs
Prospective students should ask questions such as:
- How are competencies defined and assessed in the program?
- What types of support are available for students?
- What are the costs associated with the program, and are there financial aid options?
Future Trends of Competency-Based Education
The future of competency-based education looks promising, with ongoing innovations in technology and pedagogy. Adaptive learning technologies, AI-driven assessments, and the expansion of CBE to new fields and disciplines are just a few of the trends shaping the future of this educational model.
Technological Integration
One of the key future trends in CBE is the increasing integration of technology. This includes the utilization of AI for personalized learning paths, virtual reality for immersive experiences, and data analytics for tracking student progress. Technology not only enhances the learning experience but also provides valuable insights into student performance, enabling educators to tailor their teaching methods to meet individual needs effectively. Additionally, blockchain technology is being explored for secure credentialing and certification processes, ensuring the authenticity and integrity of competency-based qualifications.
Global Adaptation
Another significant trend on the horizon is the global adaptation of competency-based education. As the world becomes more interconnected, educational institutions are exploring ways to offer competency-based programs on a global scale, catering to diverse learners from different parts of the world. This global expansion brings about a rich exchange of ideas, cultures, and perspectives, enriching the learning experience and preparing students for success in an increasingly globalized society. Moreover, collaborations between institutions from various countries are fostering cross-cultural understanding and cooperation in the development and implementation of competency-based frameworks.
Expansion
The future of competency-based education also involves expansion. This includes not only the growth of programs within traditional educational settings but also the emergence of competency-based offerings in professional development and lifelong learning spaces. With the increasing demand for upskilling and reskilling, competency-based education is poised to expand its reach and impact across various sectors and industries. Furthermore, the integration of competency-based approaches in corporate training programs and government initiatives signifies a shift towards a more skills-focused education system that is responsive to the evolving needs of the workforce and society as a whole. The concept of micro-credentialing is gaining traction, allowing individuals to acquire specific competencies in a flexible and targeted manner, enhancing their employability and career advancement prospects.
The future of competency-based education is shaped by technological advancements, global connectivity, and a growing emphasis on skill development. By embracing these trends, educational institutions can create dynamic learning environments that empower students to succeed in a rapidly changing world. The evolution of competency-based education reflects a progressive shift towards a more personalized, inclusive, and globally relevant approach to learning and skill acquisition, preparing individuals for the challenges and opportunities of the future.
Takeaways
Competency-Based Education offers a flexible, student-centered approach to learning that emphasizes mastery of skills and knowledge. While it comes with challenges, CBE has the potential to provide a more accessible and relevant education for non-traditional students.
